Graphene technology

WHAT IS GRAPHENE TECHNOLOGY?

The graphene technology, one of the thinnest, flexible, strong materials and with major conductivity that exist, is set to revolutionize the future, from major changes in the mobile phone industry, telecommunications or the manufacture of chips up to how to develop anti-cancer drugs.

Definitions of Graphene technology.

• Graphene technology is a single carbon atoms layer placed in a hexagonal grilles. A graphene sheets stack forms the crystal graphite.
• Graphene technology is a thin layer of pure carbon; it is a single, lattice layer of carbon atoms that are attached together in a hexagonal lattice.
• Graphene technology is a great heat conductor at room temperature and also an extraordinary electricity conductor. It is a thin and light as a sheet of paper. And also stronger than the silicon. All this at one atom thick.

The graphene technology is a substance formed by pure carbon, with atoms arranged in a regular hexagonal pattern similar to the graphite, but in a sheet of thick atoms. It is very light, weights 0, 77 milligrams.

Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov received the Nobel Prize in Physics 2010 award for their great discoveries about the two-dimensional graphene material.

Discovery 

The sudden increase in the scientific interest due to the graphene technology can give the impression that this is a new material. In fact is known and has been described since half a century ago. The chemical bond and the structure is described in the 1930s. Philip Russell Wallace calculed for the first time (in 1949) the electronic bands structure. 

The graphene technology was given little attention for decades to think that was a thermodynamically unstable material as it was thought that the fluctuations in temperature would destroy the order of the glass giving rise to the crystal 2D should be merged. Under this perspective it is understood that the revolution meant that Novoselov and Geim incrementally isolate graphene to ambient temperature. The word graphene was officially adopted in 1994, after having been designated interchangeably, in the field of surface science - "monolayer of graphite". 


In addition, many newly discovered nanostructures, such as carbon nanotubes, are related to the graphene. Traditionally, these nanotubes have been described as "sheets of graphene rolled on themselves" .In fact the properties of carbon nanotubes are explained and understood easily from the inherent in the graphene. It has been also described the preparation of nanotiras of graphene by nanolithography, making use of a scanning tunnelling microscope.

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